Archive for Internet of Things

Internet of Things Infographic

Internet of Things InfographicBosch Software Innovations released some new data on the Internet of Things (IoT)  In the near future, more and more devices and systems will be capable of sending and receiving data automatically via the internet. We’re already poised on the verge of new developments that offer enormous market potential. Bosch believes the Internet of Things isn’t just a distant vision of the future, it’s already very real and is having an impact on more than just technological developments.

Bosch Software InnovationsThe blog claims that in the next few years, increasing numbers of devices and systems will automatically send and receive data over the Internet. The author claims that we are about to see a huge new market develop.

By 2015, Bosch predicts that the number of IP-ready devices connected to the Internet, will grow to a total of 6,593 billion. Even more impressive according to the author, is the growth in Internet access. The blog reports that in 1995, less than 1% of the world’s population was online, in 2011 this number exploded to 2.3 billion people online, Bosch expects that in 2015, 5.5 billion people will have internet access (source: ITU). This equates to around 75% of the world’s population.

The German firm estimates the number of devices configured to send and receive data over the Internet will reach 50 billion devices in 2020. Just recently, Vint Cerf, who is better known as the father of the internet, also spoke in an interview about the number of devices and confirms this assumption.

Number of IP-ready devices connected to the Internet

 

Another Net for IoT

Another Net for IoTKevin Fitchard at GigaOM writes about the French start-up Sigfox that wants to take on the mobile service providers. Sigfox plans to build a new network just for the Internet of Things.  Thomas Nicholls, Sigfox business development chief and internet of things of evangelist said that cellular networks were meant to connect humans, not objects. Sigfox is proposing to build an alternate wireless network dedicated solely to linking together the internet of things.

SigfoxThe Toulouse France based start-up argues that the majority of objects linked to the network will connect rarely. A GPS tracker in a vehicle or shipping container may send out its coordinates just once a day. A smart meter may link back to its utility company’s servers once a week. Many of the sensors being embedded in devices from vending machines to security cameras only transmit when something goes wrong, meaning a M2M module may wait months if not years between connections to the Internet of Things. Connected home appliances like LG Electronic’s (LGLD) new Smart Thinq refrigerator, GPS tracking devices, smart meters and medical alert sensors are all the types of devices that Sigfox hopes to target.

Mr. Nicholls added that Sigfox thinks there’s a huge opportunity in the growing business-to-consumer connected device space. The assortment of gadgets and wearable devices making their way into the connected home and onto our bodies are typically connected by local area networking technologies like Bluetooth, Zigbee and Wi-Fi. But he thinks there’s a big case to be made for replacing those technologies with Sigfox according to the article.

Wireless networkThe author claims that as Sigfox achieves economies of scale, its radio will not only shrink, their costs will fall to just a few dollars per module. Due to the huge efficiencies in running its network, Sigfox can support a device connection for little more than a dollar a year, Mr. Nicholls said. At those prices, gadget manufacturers can include IoT connectivity costs into the device costs without requiring customers to sign up for a subscription.

Not only would using Sigfox give these devices range far beyond local networks, they would be “on” right out of the box, the Sigfox IoT evangelist said. It also wouldn’t require any signing up, or logging on, as the machine to machine communication would just work out of the box.

Machine-to-machine communication To host these devices over power-hungry and expensive cellular radios makes little sense, business development chief said. The better course is to attach these devices to a network optimized for their use cases — one that can support billions of devices each sending relatively little data at distinct intervals, the start-up believes. “Our network is structured in a radically different way,” Nicholls claims in the GigaOM article. “There is really no notion of a network. You only connect when you have a payload to deliver.”

Sigfox has developed a wireless architecture using ultra narrow-band modulation techniques that can theoretically support millions of devices with only a handful of network transmitters. Using the unlicensed frequencies commonly used for baby monitors and cordless phones (868 MHz in Europe and 915 MHz in the US), Sigfox says it can offer the same coverage with a single tower that a cellular network could provide with 50 to 100 cell sites. Sigfox is building a network covering all of France with 1,000 transmission sites, and Mr. Nicholls estimates that the company could do the same in the US with 10,000 transmitters.

ThumbThe author describes the embedded radio modules as about the size of two thumbnails, and they transmit at power levels 50 times lower than their cellular M2M counterparts. Such low consumption levels mean that objects that normally have no external power supply could stay connected for as a long as 20 years before their module batteries would need recharging, Mr. Nicholls said.

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Apparently Sigfox’s ultra narrow-band technology can only support bandwidths of 100 bps (YEAP THAT’S BPS, NOT KBPS) — which makes it far slower than even the poorest 2G data connection so it will be popular with wireless service providers who will try to connect everything to the Internet of Things.

Sigfox does not appear to be the answer for devices that send large quantities of data or keep up constant connections to the network like telemedicine aren’t the “things” that Sigfox intends to connect to the Internet.

Internet of Things

Adding computer communication to otherwise dumb devices isn’t new. As far back as the 1990s, a whole list of Internet-enabled Coke machines around the world had varying functionality. The granddaddy of them all was the Coke machine at Carnegie Mellon University, set up in the 1970s.

Smart meters vulnerable to false data injection

Smart meters vulnerable to false data injectionThe power grid delivers electricity to charge iPads and run data centers. The power grid connect users with electricity producers through interconnected transmission and distribution networks. In these networks, system monitoring is necessary to ensure reliable power grid operation. The analysis of smart meter measurements and power systems are a routine part of system monitoring.

Help Net Security reports that most energy security professionals told nCircle they did not believe smart meters are secure enough. When asked, “Do smart meter installations have enough security controls to protect against false data injection?” 61% of the 104 energy security professionals said “no”. False data injection attacks introduce arbitrary errors into state variables while bypassing existing techniques for bad measurement detection to exploit the power grid.

Patrick Miller, the founder, CEO and president of EnergySec, noted, “Smart meters vary widely in capability and many older meters were not designed to adequately protect against false data injection. It doesn’t help that some communication protocols used by the smart meter infrastructure don’t offer much protection against false data injection either.”

“… we need to make sure that all systems that process usage data, especially those that make autonomous, self-correcting, self-healing decisions, assure data integrity,” Miller added.

Related articles

Railroad Sensors Predict Derailments Wirelessly

Railroad Sensors Predict Derailments WirelesslyUnion Pacific (UNP), the nation’s largest railroad company, has deployed Internet of Things technology throughout its network. according to Dailywirless.org the IoT can predict certain kinds of derailments days or weeks before they are likely to occur. Theis will improve safety and avoid millions of dollars in damages.

According to the article, Union Pacific, which moves 900 trains a day, started using acoustic sensors 10 years ago to monitor noises from vibrations of ball bearings in train wheels. This allows the company to get trains off the track before a faulty bearing causes a derailment. More recently, the company started using visual sensors that can detect when wheels begin to flatten–another factor that can cause accidents on the rails.

Lynden Tennison, CIO at Union Pacific, told CIO Journal, that the company can now check 40 million patterns every day and can alert the train operators of any anomaly in a bearing within five minutes. “Our goal was to design a system that requires very little maintenance,” he said.

To do this, Union Pacific worked with Intel (INTC) which addressed some of the unique challenges of designing a wireless sensor network for a rail system (pdf). The blog states that to overcome the battery-life issues, Millennial Net paired its i-Bean wireless technology with “energy harvesting” technology from startup Ferro Solutions. An inductive vibration generates power to send [battery free] at 115 Kbps over a distance of 30 m,” said Tod Riedel, cofounder and vice president of business development at Millennial Net.

Are you ready for appliances that are smarter than you?

Are you ready for appliances that are smarter than you? Stacey Higginbotham at GigaOM asks “Are you ready for appliances that are smarter than you?” She points out that LG has introduced its first connected appliance, a Smart Thinq refrigerator that knows what’s inside it. The appliance can communicate with your phone. Your kitchen is about to get a similar level of connectivity as your living room.

The Smart Thinq refrigerator got a lot of press at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas as smart appliances were all the rage. The Android-based OS that enabled the fridge to communicate with your smartphone and share information like the contents of the fridge excited the press. The idea, according to the author, was that when someone got home from the grocery store they could choose to tell the fridge what was inside using a touchscreen or they could scan a bar code on their receipt that would contain the information about their purchases.

In this ideal world, the fridge would then be able to suggest recipes for the family based on their weight goals, age, gender and whatnot. If the consumer selected a fridge-offered recipe the appliance could shoot the recipe to the Smart Thinq oven and it could preheat. All of the connectivity occurs via Wi-Fi, and controled by the phone and in the touchscreen.

The article explains that other features include such as calorie counting and notifications of expiration dates. And if grocery stores take part – then the fridge could show when certain items are out and order them for home delivery.

Is Your Dishwasher Really Yearning for the Internet?

Is Your Dishwasher Really Yearning for the Internet? A startup called Ube thinks so. The firm is betting that smart devices and smartphone apps will make home automation cheap and easy.

In MIT’s Technology Review article “Is Your Dishwasher Really Yearning for the Internet?” Glen Burchers Ube’s chief marketing officer says that more and more home gadgets will ship with microprocessors, enabling the automation and remote control of everything from your lights to your laundry. Until this is a widespread reality, he’d like to sell you a wall outlet.

The wall outlet includes an ARM processor, runs Google’s Android mobile operating system, and can connect to the Internet. This means anything you plug into it can be controlled via your smartphone, and it will also track how much power your devices are consuming.

According to TR, the startup plans to sell the outlet along with a “smart” dimmer switch and plug for $60 to $70 apiece. The Austin, TX firm also plans to offer a free smartphone app that can control these and other Internet-enabled devices.

The blog reports that the Ube app will access a Wi-Fi network to scan for nearby Internet-enabled devices it can manage and lets you know what it can control. Mr. Burchers says the app can control more than 200 devices, most of which are gaming systems, set-top boxes, and TVs.

Mr. Burchers believes that Ube’s first products are just the beginning. He told TR most new electronics will be able to connect to the Web, and home builders will offer smart dimmers to new home buyers as they do granite countertops.

 

Internet of Things

Council imagines the Internet of Things as a world where everything can be both analog and digitally approached. It reformulate our relationship with objects – things- as well as the objects themselves.  Any object that carries an RFID tag relates not only to you, but also through being read by a RFID reader nearby, to other objects, relations or values in a database. In this world, you are no longer alone, anywhere.

The Machines Are Talking a Lot

Machine ti machine communication Cisco’s Visual Networking Index Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast Update, 2011-2016 reports that Internet traffic continues to grow at unprecedented rates. Cisco says that the second leading source of internet traffic will be machines.

The networking giant says the source will be from machine-to-machine communications, or “M2M.” Brian Bergstein at MIT‘s Technology Review says to think of sensors in cars and in appliances, surveillance cameras, smart electric meters, and devices still to come, monitoring the world and reporting to Macnine to machine communicationseach other and to centralized computers what they’re detecting. The chart below, reprinted from the Cisco report, shows just how extreme the jump in machine-to-machine communications could be. Cisco says M2M will grow, on average, 86 percent a year, reaching 508 petabytes a month, or half a billion gigabytes by 2016 .

Here comes a hot new chip for Internet of things

ARM ARM (ARMH), the semiconductor company whose chip technology powers most modern smartphones, has come up with a chip for the Internet of things (IoT). Om Malik at GigaOM reports that the Cortex-M0+ is an energy-efficient chip, optimized for use in everything from connected lighting to power controls to other home appliances. In a press release, the company explains:

The 32-bit Cortex-M0+ processor … consumes just 9µA/MHz … around one-third of the energy of any 8 or 16-bit processor available today, while delivering significantly higher performance …[to] enable the creation of smart, low-power microcontrollers to provide … wirelessly connected devices, a concept known as the ‘Internet of Things.’

At GigaOM’s Mobilize 2011 event ThingM CEO Mike Kuniavsky said that “ubiquitous network connectivity, cloud-based services, cheap assembly of electronics, social design, open collaboration tools and low-volume sales channels create an innovation ecosystem that is the foundation for an Internet of things.”

GigaOM says Freescale and NXP (NXPI), both are major suppliers to the automotive and home automation industries have signed up for the new ARM chip technology. Freescale and NXP have locations in the Farmington Hills, MI area.

And another new chip for smart homes & appliances

Qualcomm Atheros Internet of Things at GigaOm recently noted that Atheros, a division of Qualcomm (QCOM) launched a new very low power consuming Wi-Fi chip, AR4100P, focused on the “Internet of Things.” He predicts that soon, there might be Wi-Fi in everything around us, including Samsung’s (005930) Wi-Fi enabled washing machines, which Malik wrote about earlier.

According to the blog, the new “highly integrated 802.11n single-stream Wi-Fi system-in-package with integrated dual IPv4 IPv6 networking stack” is focused on smart home and building controls and appliances. Atheros and other chip companies such as ARM are betting that the Internet of Things will prove to be a new giant market opportunity.

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The new Atheros chip also includes an IPv6 stack as well as 802.11n to give end-to-end control of your home appliances.

The Web Connected Smelly Robot

Olly The web connected smelly robotThe Internet of Things now has smell-o-vision from Olly. Olly takes services on the Internet and delivers their pings as smell according to his web-site. Whether it’s tweets, a like on Instagram, Olly will be sure to let your nose know about it. Mint Foundry, a graduate design lab at Mint Digital dedicated to exploring the potential of web-connected objects developed Olly.

It is possible to change Olly’s smells in an instant. It has a removable section in the back which can be filled with any smell you like. It could be essential oils, a slice of fruit, your partner’s perfume or even a drop of gin.

Olly is stackable, so if you have more than one, you can assign each one to a different service with a different smell. Connect one to Twitter and another to your calendar. Before you know it, you’ll have a networked Internet smell center claims the web-site.
Olly is not yet in production, but Mint is glad to offer the source files to anyone who’s got a 3D printer and a nose for adventure.

Internet of Things

Help – My Thermostat is Calling Home to China!

U.S. Chamber of Commerce thermostat was communicating with an Internet address in ChinaPhil Neray of Q1 Labs, an IBM (IBM) company posted that in the recent Chinese hack of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce’s network, one attack vector was a thermostat. The thermostat at a Chamber town house on Capitol Hill which was communicating with an Internet address in China and a printer spontaneously started printing pages with Chinese characters (rb- I wrote about securing printers here).

The blog says the fact that the hackers were in the network for more than a year before being detected is not unusual. Mr. Neray cites the 2011 Data Breach Investigations Report, more than 60% of breaches remain undiscovered for a period of months or longer (versus days or weeks).

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This is one of the risks of the Internet of Things. Security is in the era of IoT will have to use machines to monitor the machines.

CIA Chief: We’ll Spy on You Through Your Dishwasher

Dishwasher Spencer Ackerman at Wired points out that more personal and household devices are connecting to the internet, forming the Internet of Things and U.S.CIA Director General David Petraeus cannot wait to spy on you through them.

General Petraeus recently spoke about the “Internet of Things” at a summit for In-Q-Tel, the CIA’s venture capital firm. “‘Transformational’ is an overused word, but I do believe it properly applies to these technologies particularly to their effect on clandestine tradecraft” the blog recounts.

Mr. Ackerman predicts that people will be sending tagged, geolocated data that a spy agency can intercept in real-time when they open their Sears (SHLD) Craftsman garage door with an app on an Apple (AAPL) iPhone. “Items of interest will be located, identified, monitored, and remotely controlled through technologies such as radio-frequency identification, sensor networks, tiny embedded servers, and energy harvesters — all connected to the next-generation internet using abundant, low-cost, and high-power computing,” Petraeus said, “the latter now going to cloud computing, in many areas greater and greater supercomputing, and, ultimately, heading to quantum computing.”

Wired says the CIA has a lot of legal restrictions against spying on American citizens. But collecting ambient geolocation data from devices is a grayer area, especially after the 2008 carve-outs to the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act. Hardware manufacturers, it turns out, store a trove of geolocation data; and some legislators have grown alarmed at how easy it is for the government to track you through your Apple iPhone or Sony (SNE) PlayStation.

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The implications of the “Internet of Things” is profound when linked the transformational nature of the interconnected home network. The CIA sees great opportunity in wired home devices. Any home gadget with RFID, sensor networks, embedded servers, or energy harvesters is ripe for interception by spy agencies.

Koubachi Wi-Fi Plant Sensor Gives Your Plant a Voice

Internet of Things give potter plants a vpoiceKoubachi, the Swiss start-up company behind the popular iPhone plant care assistant presented its newest innovation at CeBIT 2012 in Hannover: the Koubachi Wi-Fi Plant Sensor according to ITnewsLink.

Building on the success of its popular interactive plant care assistant, Koubachi launched a Wi-Fi Plant Sensor that integrates into the Koubachi system to literally gives your plant a voice.

The Wi-Fi Plant Sensor measures soil moisture, light intensity and temperature. Using Wi-Fi, the data is sent to the Koubachi cloud, where it is analyzed by the Koubachi Plant Care Engine. The plant owner gets a detailed care instructions on watering, fertilizing, misting, temperature and light through push notifications or email. “The Koubachi Wi-Fi Plant Sensor is the first device ever that enables real-time monitoring of the plant’s vitality” says Philipp Bolliger, CEO of Koubachi, “It’s a truly unique product in the field of “Internet of Things” and bringing state-of-the-art technology to plant care.”

Smart Gadgets are Like Sleeper Cells in Your Kitchen

DTE Smart meterManufacturers are “future-proofing” their appliances with “Internet of Things” capabilities that are latent for now. Christopher Mims at MIT’s Technology Review asserts that major appliances bought in the last three years probably contain a Zigbee capable wireless radio that can send out information about a device’s status and energy use and receive commands that alter its behavior.

Many appliance makers don’t announce these capabilities, Mike Beyerle, an engineer at GE (GE) whom Mr. Mims interviewed about GE‘s Nucleus home energy management system. “We want to build up a base before we make a big deal out of it,” says Mr. Beyerle.

The author says that manufacturers aren’t telling consumers what their devices are capable of because, in part, those abilities are useless without an energy management hub like GE’s Nucleus or a utility company‘s smart meter. In both cases, smart appliances must be “bound” to a hub to communicate with the outside world.

Once a device is hooked up to an energy management system and become part of the IoT, it get interesting. Mr. Mims says that users who signed up for a “demand response” program with their utility to get a lower bill, enable the utility to control their appliances. For example a refrigerator’s ice maker’s defrost cycle or the elements in a clothes dryer can be manipulated to drive down power use during times of peak demand.

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Most people do not realize that installing a new smart meter can activate a technological sleeper cell in their HDTV, kitchen or laundry room. All of these “smart” devices will be part of the “Internet of Things.” They will have an IP address (probably an IPv6 address) and will be broadcast via a Zigbee wireless network. This is why the CIA says it can spy on people through their dishwasher.

Connected Kitchen

Rosie the Robot Engadget says the Samsung RF3289 fridge is designed to let users access Pandora or tweet while grabbing a snack. Samsung touts it as the first to feature integrated WiFi. The Wi-Fi also offers the ability to view Google calendars, check the weather, download recipes from Epicurious, or leave digital notes

Engadet also reports LG’s Thinq line of connected appliances includes vacuum, oven, refrigerator, and washer / dryer. They support Wi-Fi and ZigBee to communicate with each other, the smart meter, smartphones and tablets.  That’s a pretty strong foundation to build the Internet of Things especially if the home is already equipped with ZigBee devices. CNET says the line can be troubleshot remotely; tech support can log in to the device see what’s wrong and fix it. Kenmore has a similar product line.

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