{"id":115006,"date":"2020-08-02T15:54:17","date_gmt":"2020-08-02T19:54:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/rbach.net\/?p=115006"},"modified":"2021-07-17T12:23:43","modified_gmt":"2021-07-17T16:23:43","slug":"pizza-and-the-pm","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rbach.net\/index.php\/pizza-and-the-pm\/","title":{"rendered":"Pizza and the PM"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rbach.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/Project_Manager_face_mask.png?ssl=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-115017\" title=\"Pizza and the PM\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rbach.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/Project_Manager_face_mask.png?resize=82%2C110&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Pizza and the PM\" width=\"82\" height=\"110\" \/><\/a>One of the <strong>implications of the\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210822103439\/https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/coronavirus\/2019-nCoV\/summary.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>COVID-19 virus<\/strong><\/a> has been that most in-person meetings are getting moved online or canceled as we continue to <strong>shelter in place and work from home<\/strong>. As a project manager, I schedule my share of the <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20211015051755\/http:\/\/attentiv.com\/america-meets-a-lot\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">11 million<\/a> meetings that take place every day in the U.S. &#8211; all of which are now online thanks to COVID-19. One of the factors I consider when setting a <a title=\"Microsoft\" href=\"http:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Microsoft<\/a>\u00a0(<a title=\"NASDAQ | MSFT\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tradingview.com\/symbols\/NASDAQ-MSFT\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">MSFT<\/a>) <a href=\"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/microsoft-365\/microsoft-teams\/group-chat-software\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Teams<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/wp.me\/p2wgaW-tzS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Zoom<\/a> online meeting is pizza.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-115018\" title=\"Bad meeting\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rbach.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/meeting_death-by-powerpoint.jpg?resize=110%2C62&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Bad meeting\" width=\"110\" height=\"62\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rbach.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/meeting_death-by-powerpoint.jpg?resize=150%2C85&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rbach.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/meeting_death-by-powerpoint.jpg?resize=75%2C42&amp;ssl=1 75w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rbach.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/meeting_death-by-powerpoint.jpg?resize=768%2C435&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rbach.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/meeting_death-by-powerpoint.jpg?w=784&amp;ssl=1 784w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 110px) 100vw, 110px\" \/>That may sound goofy. Pizza can help the PM decided how to shape a meeting. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pmi.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">PMI<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pmi.org\/pmbok-guide-standards\/foundational\/pmbok\/about\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">PMBOK<\/a> does not venture any suggestions on how many is too many <strong>participants for a meeting<\/strong>. My experience says that <strong>too many participants over-complicate<\/strong> a meeting and make a video call unwieldy and <strong>not enough of the right people<\/strong> prevents decisions from sticking. PMs are looking for a <strong>meeting that is just right<\/strong>.<\/p>\r\n<h3>The Bezos rule<\/h3>\r\n<p>One way to get the right number of project meeting members comes from <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/jeffbezos\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Jeff Bezos<\/strong><\/a>. While not a PM &#8211; you really can&#8217;t argue with his cred&#8217;s &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/video\/2017\/07\/27\/jeff-bezos-tops-bill-gates-as-the-worlds-richest-person.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">richest man in the world<\/a> &#8211; <a title=\"Amazon\" href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Amazon<\/a>\u00a0(<a title=\"NASDAQ : AMZN\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tradingview.com\/symbols\/NASDAQ-AMZN\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">AMZN<\/a>) &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2021\/07\/17\/tech\/jeff-bezos-space-flight-walkup-scn\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">second billionaire in space<\/a>. <em><a href=\"https:\/\/whatis.techtarget.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">TargetTech<\/a><\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20211227115250\/https:\/\/whatis.techtarget.com\/definition\/two-pizza-rule\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">says<\/a> that Mr. Bezos uses the 2<strong> pizza rule<\/strong> to decide how many attendees should be invited to a meeting.<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/theculturetrip.com\/north-america\/usa\/michigan\/articles\/the-top-10-places-to-try-detroit-deep-dish-pizza\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-115020 size-medium\" title=\"2 Detroit pizza rule\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rbach.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/Detroit_pizza-1.jpg?resize=150%2C47&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"2 Detroit pizza rule\" width=\"150\" height=\"47\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rbach.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/Detroit_pizza-1.jpg?resize=150%2C47&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rbach.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/Detroit_pizza-1.jpg?resize=75%2C24&amp;ssl=1 75w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rbach.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/Detroit_pizza-1.jpg?w=600&amp;ssl=1 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>While, sadly, the 2 pizza rule does not mandate that pizza be present at meetings, it means that every <strong>meeting should be small enough that attendees could be fed with two large pizzas<\/strong>. Mr. Bezos is known to have used &#8216;two pizza&#8217; meetings and small project teams to foster a decentralized, creative working environment when Amazon was a startup.<br \/><br \/>The article explains that Mr. Bezos&#8217; decision to keep meetings small in order to encourage productivity is <strong>backed up by science<\/strong>. The late <a href=\"https:\/\/www.harvard.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Harvard<\/a> researcher <a href=\"https:\/\/hackman.socialpsychology.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">J. Richard Hackman<\/a> devoted nearly 50 years studying team performance and concluded that <strong>four to six is the optimal number<\/strong> of members for a project team and <strong>no work team should have more than 10 members<\/strong>.<\/p>\r\n<h3>2 pizza rule advantages<\/h3>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/whatis.techtarget.com\/definition\/two-pizza-rule\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-115012\" title=\"Team complexity\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rbach.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/team-members-e1596302741485-150x45.png?resize=225%2C68&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Team complexity\" width=\"225\" height=\"68\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rbach.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/team-members-e1596302741485.png?resize=150%2C45&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rbach.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/team-members-e1596302741485.png?resize=75%2C23&amp;ssl=1 75w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rbach.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/team-members-e1596302741485.png?w=556&amp;ssl=1 556w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 225px) 100vw, 225px\" \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/hbr.org\/2009\/05\/why-teams-dont-work\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">According<\/a> to Professor Hackman, this is because <strong>communication problems increase<\/strong> \u201cexponentially as team size increases.\u201d Ironically, the larger the team, the more time will be spent on <strong>communication instead of producing work<\/strong>.<br \/><br \/>The author points out that the <strong>2 pizza rule has several other advantages<\/strong>.<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>It helps <strong>prevent groupthink<\/strong>. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.psychologytoday.com\/us\/basics\/groupthink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Groupthink<\/a> is a phenomenon that occurs when a large group&#8217;s need for consensus overrides the judgment of individual group members.<\/li>\r\n<li>It discourages <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/lsa.umich.edu\/psych\/news-events\/all-news\/faculty-news\/why-you-shouldn-t-always-listen-to-the-office-hippo--that-s-high.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">HiPPO<\/a>,<\/strong> an acronym that stands for the &#8220;highest-paid person&#8217;s opinion.&#8221; HiPPO describes the tendency for lower-paid employees to defer to higher-paid employees when a decision has to be made.<\/li>\r\n<li>It cuts down on <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Social_loafing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">social loafing<\/a>. <\/strong>Social loafing occurs where more people on a team means less social pressure, which could lead to less engagement.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p><strong><em>rb-<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><em>The optimal number of team members is 5. You can feed them with 2 large pizzas and if there is a vote, it will not end up in a tie.<\/em><\/p>\r\n<div id=\"polls-28\" class=\"wp-polls\">\n\t<form id=\"polls_form_28\" class=\"wp-polls-form\" action=\"\/index.php\" method=\"post\">\n\t\t<p style=\"display: none;\"><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"poll_28_nonce\" name=\"wp-polls-nonce\" value=\"153c12930a\" \/><\/p>\n\t\t<p style=\"display: none;\"><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"poll_id\" value=\"28\" \/><\/p>\n\t\t<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Do you think 5 is perfect sized project team?<\/strong><\/p><div id=\"polls-28-ans\" class=\"wp-polls-ans\"><ul class=\"wp-polls-ul\">\n\t\t<li><input type=\"radio\" id=\"poll-answer-72\" name=\"poll_28\" value=\"72\" \/> <label for=\"poll-answer-72\">Are you kidding ? - We can't make coffee without 5 people<\/label><\/li>\n\t\t<li><input type=\"radio\" id=\"poll-answer-73\" name=\"poll_28\" value=\"73\" \/> <label for=\"poll-answer-73\">5 people is just right.<\/label><\/li>\n\t\t<li><input type=\"radio\" id=\"poll-answer-74\" name=\"poll_28\" value=\"74\" \/> <label for=\"poll-answer-74\">It's good to be the king - I call the shots here!<\/label><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><input type=\"button\" name=\"vote\" value=\"   Vote   \" class=\"Buttons\" onclick=\"poll_vote(28);\" onkeypress=\"poll_result(28);\" \/><\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"#ViewPollResults\" onclick=\"poll_result(28); return false;\" onkeypress=\"poll_result(28); return false;\" title=\"View Results Of This Poll\">View Results<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n\t<\/form>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"polls-28-loading\" class=\"wp-polls-loading\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rbach.net\/wp-content\/plugins\/wp-polls\/images\/loading.gif?resize=16%2C16&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading ...\" title=\"Loading ...\" class=\"wp-polls-image\" \/>&nbsp;Loading ...<\/div>\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20240728154520\/https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/coronavirus\/2019-ncov\/prevent-getting-sick\/prevention.html?CDC_AA_refVal=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fcoronavirus%2F2019-ncov%2Fprepare%2Fprevention.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Stay safe out there!<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>Related article<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><a title=\"The Science Behind Why Small Teams Work More Productively: Jeff Bezos\u2019 2 Pizza Rule\" href=\"https:\/\/buffer.com\/resources\/small-teams-why-startups-often-win-against-google-and-facebook-the-science-behind-why-smaller-teams-get-more-done\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Science Behind Why Small Teams Work More Productively: Jeff Bezos\u2019 2 Pizza Rule<\/a>\u00a0(<a title=\"Buffer\" href=\"https:\/\/buffer.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Buffer<\/a>)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p><em><a title=\"Ralph Bach\" href=\"https:\/\/rbach.net\/index.php\/new-resume\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ralph Bach<\/a>\u00a0has been in IT long enough to know better and has blogged from his\u00a0<a title=\"Bach Seat\" href=\"https:\/\/rbach.net\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bach Seat<\/a> about IT, careers, and anything else that catches his attention since 2005. You can follow him on <a class=\"broken_link\" href=\"http:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/rb48334\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">LinkedIn<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ralph.bach.14\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Facebook<\/a>,\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/rbach48334\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Twitter<\/a>. Email the Bach Seat\u00a0<a href=\"mailto:\/\/bach.seat@gmail.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Can you feed your project team with 2 large pizzas &#8211; if not it may not be as effective as possible  according to Jeff Bezos pizza rule<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1926],"tags":[3397,392,1023,3419,3485,3484,3441,1190,2212,2013,3364,3486,3430],"class_list":["post-115006","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-project-management","tag-3397","tag-amazon","tag-amzn","tag-covid-19","tag-groupthink","tag-hippo","tag-jeff-bezos","tag-pizza","tag-pmbok","tag-pmi","tag-productivity","tag-social-loafing","tag-work-from-home"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.8 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Can you feed your project team with 2 large pizzas - 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