Tag Archive for Energy

Google Searches for Power on Seabed

Google Searches for Power on Seabed Google (GOOG) is investing in an undersea power cable project linking offshore wind farms with energy grids along the Mid-Atlantic region.  Known as the Atlantic Wind Connection backbone, the cable will stretch 350 miles off the Atlantic coast from New Jersey to Virginia. The cable will collect power from multiple offshore wind farms and deliver it via the cables to the on-shore grid. The AWC backbone will be able to tap into 6000 megawatts of offshore generation, enough to serve about 1.9 million homes according to reports.

Atlantic Wind Connection backboneGoogle, will take a 37.5% stake in the project. “We’re willing to take calculated risks on early-stage ideas and projects that can have dramatic impacts while offering attractive returns,” Rick Needham, green business operations director, wrote on the Google official blog.  Other investors in the project include U.S.-based Good Energies which invests in energy projects with a 37.5% equity stake, Japan’s Marubeni Corporation will have a 15% stake. Atlantic Grid Development LLC, a company formed to develop the project whose shareholders include independent transmission company Trans-Elect, will have 10%.

Project cots Google billions

Businessweek says the first phase of the project, which the developers aim to complete by early 2016, would run about 150 miles and cost between $1.7 billion and $1.8 billion. The second phase to complete the 350-mile line could be finished by 2020, Bob Mitchell, chief executive officer of Trans-Elect, told reporters telephone interview. The New York Times reports the project will cost $5 billion total in total. Reports are that Google and Good Energies’ initial investment is about $200 million each for the first phase of the project.

Google logoThe partners believe that the mid-Atlantic region’s shallow waters will make it easier to install turbines 10-15 miles offshore, almost out of sight from land. Without it, offshore wind developers would be forced to build individual radial transmission lines from each offshore wind project to the shore, Needham claimed.  “This system will act as a superhighway for clean energy,” Mr. Needham wrote, adding that the proposed project could remove “a major barrier to scaling up offshore wind“. If successful, the AWC project will help to relieve grid congestion and boost transmission capacity in a key market. Google believes that the move into alternative energy is consistent with the company’s goal of promoting renewable energy.

Spray towers over the 57-foot-tall Ludington Lighthouse in Michigan as a storm packing winds of up to 81 mph howled across the Midwest and South on Tuesday, Oct. 26. Jeff Kiessel, Ludington Daily News

This isn’t the first time Google has dipped its toe in the spreading pool of wind power. The search giant agreed to buy 114 megawatts of clean energy from an Iowa wind farm to power its data centers. Google also invested nearly 40 million in two wind farms.

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Not that I really want to bet against Google, but the IEEE reports that Michigan has an offshore potential of 100 GW, nearly double that of  Virginia, Delaware, Maryland, and New Jersey. Perhaps Google co-founder and East Lansing native Larry Page remembers winters in Michigan and thinks that the moving ice sheets on the lakes could damage a tower.

Michigan Offshore Wind Speeds

Ralph Bach has been in IT long enough to know better and has blogged from his Bach Seat about IT, careers, and anything else that catches his attention since 2005. You can follow him on LinkedInFacebook, and Twitter. Email the Bach Seat here.

BP Oil Spill Still in the Gulf

BP Oil Spill Still in the Gulf Greenpeace has found traces of oil from the BP oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico at a depth of 3,200 feet and up to 300 miles from the spill site, according to a report from AFP. A team of scientists aboard the Greenpeace ship Arctic Sunrise reported the results. After 10 days of sampling around areas affected by the worst oil spill in history. “From the measurements we’ve taken, we see clear signs of oxygen deficiency on a large transect starting at the Macondo wellhead, all the way 300 miles to the west,” said Rainer Amon, a Texas A&M scientist who participated in the research in the AFP article. “How much of oil and gas components are still in the water is something that we need to now investigate in the laboratory.

The expedition had four points plotted to the west of the well to investigate the main path of oil after the April accident that led to a massive release of crude oil. They concluded that the dissolved oxygen level was not as low as scientists would have expected if a greater proportion of oil and gas had dissolved in the water.

This suggests that oil has not “disappeared” some have suggested and that as much as three to four million barrels of crude from the disaster have still not been accounted for. “Despite everything that BP and the government would like us to think, the truth is, the oil spill’s impact is not over,” said Greenpeace US research director Kert Davies. “Scientists know better, fishermen know better, the people of the Gulf and certainly the clean-up crews endlessly picking up tar balls know better. The government and BP need to be honest with everyone about the extent of the damage.

Pelican is seen on the beach at East Grand Terre Island along the Louisiana coast on June 3, 2010.

Charlie Riedel/AP

The researchers conducted a parallel study of sealift and obtained samples of sediment on the ocean floor at a depth of 4,20 feet, five miles from the disaster site. The article says that some of the samples contained visible amounts of oil with a strong smell said Greenpeace in the AFP article. The samples have been sent to an independent laboratory for study and to determine the presence of chemical dispersants.

When we’ve analyzed all the samples we’ve collected for our work and that of our colleagues, we hope to come up with a pretty good estimate of how much of the oil and gas was put into the system. Hopefully, we can then come up with good ideas of where that missing oil and gas has gone” Texas A&M’s Amon says in the AFP article.

Some 205 million gallons of oil flowed into the Gulf after the April 20 explosion aboard the BP-leased Deepwater Horizon oil rig, impacting the crucial fishing and tourism industries and destroying hundreds of miles of the region’s fragile coastal ecosystems.

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The rest of us will have to live with the long-lasting impact, but not BP. Politico reports

During his time in the Senate and while running for president, Obama received a total of $77,051 from the oil giant and is the top recipient of BP PAC and individual money over the past 20 years, according to financial disclosure records.

For their $77K investment, BP is now getting special treatment according to CBS News. CBS has reported

A dead bird covered in oil from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico, June 2010

Charlie Riedel/AP

BP and the Obama administration are discussing a possible settlement over fines for the company’s massive Gulf of Mexico oil spill in an effort to avoid a costly legal fight  ….  Rep. Steve Scalise, R-La.,  said the goal of the talks between BP PLC and the government is to reach a deal instead of having to fight it out in court.

CBS News further reports that BP faces penalties and fines under a variety of environmental protection laws, including fines of up to $1,100 under the Clean Water Act for each barrel of oil spilled. If BP were found to have committed gross negligence or willful misconduct, the fine could be up to $4,300 per barrel.  That means that based on the 4.9 million barrels released from the Macondo well, BP could face civil fines under the Clean Water Act alone of between $5.4 billion and $21.1 billion.

Any reduction in fines that BP can leverage out of the administration would give a healthy return on investment for BP and will show the value of the environment to Washington.

 

Ralph Bach has been in IT long enough to know better and has blogged from his Bach Seat about IT, careers, and anything else that catches his attention since 2005. You can follow him on LinkedInFacebook, and Twitter. Email the Bach Seat here.

Cows Can Power Your Next Server Farm

ComputerWorld reports that HP (NYSE: HPQ) researchers presented a paper (PDF) on using manure from cows to generate power to run data centers. HP says that manure from dairy farms. cattle feedlots and other “digested farm waste” can be used to generate electricity.

HPHP presented the idea to the American Society of Mechanical Engineers Conference on Energy Sustainability, The researchers believe that biogas from a farm of 10,000 dairy cows could power a 1 megawatt (MW) data center, about 1,000 servers. That is the equivalent of a small bank’s computer center.

Organic matter is already used by farms to generate power. Farmers use a process called anaerobic digestion that produces methane-rich biogas. HP’s paper looks at how the process could be extended to run a data center, starting with the amount of manure produced by your typical dairy cow and working up from there.

Connecting a data center to cows

But there are some practical problems. The first problem is connecting a data center to the cows. “What’s the reality of getting 10,000 cows in one place?” said Angie McEliece, an environmental consultant for RCM International in Berkeley, CA, which makes digester systems. She told ComputerWorld the average size dairy farm in the U.S. includes less than 1,000 cows. farms with 5,000 cows are quite unusual. Farms that now use anaerobic digestion systems to generate electricity and heat typically get some funding from federal and state grants. In such cases, a payback of four years or less on the technology is likely. 10 years is the payback to me without grants, said Ms. McEliece in the ComputerWorld article.

Cows Can Power Your Next Server Farm

HP insists that this is just an idea sketched out on paper by a research team. No demonstration project has yet been planned. “I’ve not yet submitted a purchase order for cows,” said Tom Christian, an HP researcher, in an e-mail to ComputerWorld. “The idea of using animal waste to generate energy has been around for centuries, with manure being used every day in remote villages to generate heat for cooking.

The new idea that we are presenting in this research is to create a symbiotic relationship between farms and the IT ecosystem. The new tech can benefit the farm, the data center, and the environment according to Tom Christian, principal research scientist, Sustainable IT Ecosystem Lab, HP.

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The proposal has energy independence, economic and ecological benefits.

Michigan had 335,000 cows in 2007.  According to the HP researchers, the manure that one dairy cow produces in a day can generate 3.0 kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electrical energy. Michigan dairy cows could produce enough methane to move 366.825 MWh off the grid under this plan. That would be enough electrical power to move all of Facebook’s estimated 30,000 servers off of the grid.

Economic benefits

There are economic benefits as well. Data center operators would have access to a reliable source of clean energy, presumably at a competitive if not lower cost than what’s on the market. Dairy farmers would make money selling electricity to data center customers. HP estimates that dairy farmers would break even within the first two years. They could earn roughly $2 million annually from selling the power to data center customers. Michael Kanellos, at Greentech Media, told the New York  Times that there was some convenient overlap between data centers and biogas generation. “Computing equipment produces a lot of heat as a waste product, and the systems needed to create biogas require heat. So, there is a virtuous cycle of sorts possible.”

Another trend that makes this idea workable is the move to build facilities in rural locations. In areas where high-speed networks are available, they can benefit from the cost advantages of rural areas. Many agricultural areas are also ideal for wind farms. Leading to a second clean energy source that could lead to some economic revival in the U.S.

Alternate energy sources such as these can help prepare for a new round of regulation and taxes. For example the U.S.s’ Waxman Markey bill. Carbon taxes or cap-and-trade systems both in the U.S. and abroad will force companies to measure and report greenhouse gas emissions. Farmers will benefit from the proposed system by accumulating carbon offsets for capturing and reusing methane.

There are also environmental benefits. A system that extracts biogas from manure would cut the hefty environmental impact of animal waste. The HP paper says methane is 21 times more damaging to the environment than carbon dioxide. Additionally, farmers will benefit from carbon offsets. They could be eligible to receive credits for capturing and reusing methane under any future cap-and-trade emissions legislation.

 

Ralph Bach has been in IT long enough to know better and has blogged from his Bach Seat about IT, careers, and anything else that catches his attention since 2005. You can follow him on LinkedInFacebook, and Twitter. Email the Bach Seat here.

Wi-Fi Harvester

Wi-Fi Harvester Computerworld reports that RCA demonstrated a prototype device that converts Wi-Fi radio signals into DC power to charge wireless devices. The W-iFi Hotspot Power Harvester, also known as Airnergy, was shown at the 2010 Consumer Electronics Show. RCA’s device was able to charge a BlackBerry Bold with about 30 percent power in 90 minutes using Wi-Fi access points located nearby, according to an RCA official recorded on video by Geeky-Gadgets.com. The amount of charging time depends on a user’s proximity to the Wi-Fi hot spot.

The Airnergy unit stores the charge in an internal lithium battery, so you don’t necessarily have to be in a Wi-Fi hot spot to recharge your device. The device is about 2 in. by 3 in. in size and will sell for $39 to $49 this summer. RCA said it is developing a smaller version that would replace a battery inside a hand-held device and sell for about $60. That smaller version could ship in 2011.

Other wireless chargers

Demonstrations of wireless chargers have been a staple of CES for several years, and some products promised in 2008 have not materialized. Some products, such as the Dell Latitude Z laptop, allow charging by placing the laptop directly on a wireless charging stand. Fulton Innovation LLC, (I wrote about here) showed products and prototypes at CES. One Fulton technology concept powers a 12-watt light bulb from a transmitter placed 35 inches away. Powermat USA showed new wireless charging mats for handheld computers at prices ranging from $39 to $149, and the company’s CEO said Powermat has sold 750,000 devices since the company launched two months ago.

There is much skepticism over this product. The inverse-square law roughly says in this case that the signal would decrease in intensity inversely proportional to the square of the distance. Double the distance and signal strength drops by a fourth and so on. Thus at the distance at which most people find themselves from access points, the amount of energy available is minute.

Here is an article from SensorMag.com that describes how RF energy harvesting works.

 

Ralph Bach has been in IT long enough to know better and has blogged from his Bach Seat about IT, careers, and anything else that catches his attention since 2005. You can follow him on LinkedInFacebook, and Twitter. Email the Bach Seat here.

Smart Grid needs IPv6

Smart Grid needs IPv6Cisco Systems is looking at IPv6 as a critical component in securing the next-generation electricity distribution system. IPv6 is attractive to the Smart Grid initiative for two reasons, the first being an abundance of IP addresses available in the expanded 128-bit address space for all the gizmos they hope to sell in a market that Cisco pegs at $20 billion a year. “IPv6 is an interesting discussion and one that occupies a lot of bandwidth at Cisco,” Marie Hattar, Cisco’s vice president of network systems and security solutions marketing, told InternetNews.com. “Some people say that for smaller deployments, we could get away with IPv4, but the smart grid has a number of parts.

The second benefit to the Smart Grid is the security features in IPv6 which will add a layer of protection to the vulnerable electric grid management systems. Security is also now top of mind as the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is now investigating a report into potential threats to the West Coast power grid. Earlier this year, widely circulated reports noted that foreign entities—presumably from China—infiltrated the U.S. power grid on several occasions and have the ability to disrupt power distribution.

China infiltrated the U.S. power grid

At the 2009 Black Hat security conference, a security researcher detailed security vulnerabilities in smart grid meters. “If you think about hacking into a smart meter, it’s like hacking into your TV’s remote control — you still get your TV,” Ms. Hattar said. “The meters are a reporting mechanism but it’s not going to affect the electrical system.” Still, Cisco’s Hattar added that smart meter vendors are concerned about security and Cisco will work with them. “A key part is to build out an end-to-end framework that is secure. A lot has to do with isolation and not exposing the grid to points of entry that are hackable.

As utilities are looking to build out smart grid, it’s more effective to agree on a common protocol across the board as opposed to trying intermix different ones,”  Hatter says. “In many ways, this is like the early days of the Internet where we ultimately settled on IP. We see IP as the scalable protocol for smart grid and we’re working with a variety of vendors to advocate this and make this the key protocol of choice.

Cisco is among the numerous IT vendors with initiatives for improving the power grid. IBM is working with several of its partners on power grid issues through its Smart Planet program.

There’s likely to be subsidiary benefits to the smart grid, like furthering the cause of IPv6  since tens of millions of users and new devices around the world will require connectivity. For example, with utilities adopting IP-enabled metering for thousands of homes connected to the network, there could be an issue with addressing over IPv4. On IPv6, thanks to its plentiful address availability, there are no addressing issues.

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Not only is this a technological issue, but it is an energy policy issue. An electrical grid that can support Smart meters, will allow energy producers to better control the flow of electricity, which will increase the efficiency of the electrical grid, which will, in turn, decrease our dependence on fossil fuels. America needs to get off of electrical generation by fossil fuels and this technology can speed the process before it is too late and gasoline reaches $7.00 a gallon making the current recession seem like a walk in the park.

 

Ralph Bach has been in IT long enough to know better and has blogged from his Bach Seat about IT, careers, and anything else that catches his attention since 2005. You can follow him on LinkedInFacebook, and Twitter. Email the Bach Seat here.