Tag Archive for China

Bad Passwords Crippled the Web

Bad Passwords Crippled the WebFollowers of the Bach Seat know that passwords suck and now default passwords really suck. In fact, default passwords seem to be a key part of the massive DDOS attack that disabled large parts of the Internet on October 21, 2016. The cyberattack targeted Internet traffic company DYN. DYN provides DNS services for many high-profile sites. Some of the sites affected by the attack on Dyn included; Amazon (AMZN), Business Insider, New York Times, Reddit, and Twitter (TWTR).

Security researcher Brian Krebs, whose site, krebsonsecurity.com, was one of the first sites hit by a massive 620 GB/s DDoS attack, has reported the Mirai botnet was at the center of the attack on his site. CIO.com reports  ‘Mirai’ can break into a wide range of Internet of Things (IoT) devices from CCTV cameras to DVRs to home networking equipment turning them into ‘bots. CIO reports a single Chinese vendor, Hangzhou Xiongmai Technology made many of the devices used in the Mirai attacks.

Level 3 Communications says there are nearly half a million Mirai-powered bots worldwide. To amass an IoT botnet, a Mirai bot herder scans a broad range of IP addresses, trying to login to devices using a list of default usernames and passwords that are baked into Mirai code, according to US-CERT. The Mirai zombie devices are largely security cameras, DVRs, and home routers. Mr. Krebs identified some of the specific devices.

Mirai Passwords

UsernamePasswordFunction
admin123456
root123456ACTi IP camera
adminpassword
admin1password
rootpassword
admin12345
root12345
guest12345
admin1234
root1234
administrator1234
888888888888
666666666666Dahua IP camera
admin(none)
admin1111Xerox printers, etc.
admin1111111Samsung IP camera
admin54321
admin7ujMko0adminDahua IP camera
adminadmin
adminadmin1234
adminmeinsmMobotix network camera
adminpass
adminsmcadminSMC router
Administratoradmin
guestguest
motherfucker
root(none)Viviotek IP camera
root00000000Panasonic printers
root1111
root54321Packet8 VoIP phone
root666666Dahua DVR
root7ujMko0adminDahua IP camera
root7ujMko0vizxvDahua IP camera
root888888Dahua DVR
rootadminIPX-DDK network camera
rootankoAnko Products DVR
rootdefault
rootdreamboxDreambox TV receiver
roothi3518HiSilicon IP Camera
rootikwbToshiba network camera
rootjuantechGuangzhou Juan Optical
rootjvbzdHiSilicon IP Camera
rootklv123HiSilicon IP Camera
rootklv1234HiSilicon IP Camera
rootpass
rootrealtekRealtek router
rootroot
rootsystemIQinVision camera, etc.
rootuser
rootvizxvDahua camera
rootxc3511H.264 - Chinese DVR
rootxmhdipcSenzhen Anran security camera
rootzlxx.EV ZLX two way speaker
rootZte521ZTE router
serviceservice
supervisorsupervisorVideoIQ
supportsupport
techtech
ubntubntUbiquiti AirOS Router
useruser

US-CERT says the purported author of Mirai claims to have 380,000 IoT devices are under its control. Some estimate the botnet has generated greater than 1Tbps DDoS attacks.

DDOS attackWhen Mirai botnets are called upon to carry out DDoS attacks, they can draw on a range of tools including ACK, DNS, GRE, SYN, UDP and Simple Text Oriented Message Protocol (STOMP) floods, says Josh Shaul, vice president of web security for Akamai.

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Followers of Bach Seat already know that many of the default passwords used by Mirai are among the worst and should have been changed already. They include:

  • Password
  • 123456
  • 12345
  • 1234

While reports say, Chinese vendor, XiongMai Technologies equipment was widely exploited, other notable tech firms are included. The Mirai zombie army includes equipment from Xerox (XRX), Toshiba (TOSBF), Samsung (005930), Panasonic (6752), and ZTE (763).

I wrote about security cameras being compromised as part of botnets back in July here.

 

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Ralph Bach has been in IT long enough to know better and has blogged from his Bach Seat about IT, careers, and anything else that catches his attention since 2005. You can follow him on LinkedInFacebook, and Twitter. Email the Bach Seat here.

Mobile Apps Leaking Your Info

Mobile Apps Leaking Your InfoJust in time for Blackhat, San Francisco-based Appthority released its Q2 2015 Enterprise Mobile Threat Report. The big headline from the Appthority report is that enterprise mobile apps are leaking your info. They are sending personally identifiable information (PII) and other sensitive information all over the world often without the enterprise’s knowledge. Your phone is leaking your info all over the web.

Appthority logoFierceMobileIT says that the Appthority Enterprise Mobile Threat Team (EMTT) collected and analyzed security and risky behaviors in three million apps. They found that the top iOS apps sent data to 92 different countries, while the top Android apps are leaking your info to 63 different countries.

Zombie apps are leaking your info

The report found another threat to all data. Appthority’s all-in-one App Risk Management service shows that 100% of enterprises surveyed have zombie apps in their environments. Zombie apps are apps that have been revoked by the app stores and are no longer getting security updates. Zombie apps can give attackers a conduit into the enterprise.

zombie appsThe report estimates that 5.2% of the Apple (AAPL) iOS apps on employee devices in an enterprise are dead apps, and 37.3% are stale Apps. On Google (GOOG) Android devices, 3.9% are dead apps and 31.8% are stale apps.

Zombie apps can leak your info. Appthority explains that malicious third parties could use a man-in-the-middle attack to hijack the update mechanism for these apps to install new malware on user devices.

Threat to the enterprise

Despite the threats, app stores run by Apple, Google, and Microsoft (MSFT) are under no regulatory obligation to tell users of revoked apps anything after release. Including copyright infringements or serious security/privacy concerns.  The report points out. Domingo Guerra, president, and co-founder of Appthority classified this as a stealthy risk; “The ongoing threat of zombie apps and stale apps continues to be an ‘under the radar’ threat to the enterprise.

programmersA third risk to the firm’s data comes from their own programmers according to the venture capital-backed Appthority. The firm says over-taxed enterprise app development teams are increasingly relying on third-party libraries and software development kits. Vulnerabilities in the third-party packages can put enterprise data at risk when they get baked into a corporate app.

The company told CSO that few mobile devices have security applications installed. In particular, only 4 percent of Android devices in use within enterprises had on-device scanning solutions.

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Firms that depend on mobile solutions as part of a Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) effort need to look after their apps as well as connectivity and hardware and data and governance and reimbursements. Bring your own device hardly seems like a cost saver to me.

I have said this repeatedly, it seems like costs are just being moved around. From spending on a PC in the office that is very less likely to be lost and that can be controlled to a bunch of new enterprise applications like EMM, mobile anti-malware to app monitoring.

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Ralph Bach has been in IT long enough to know better and has blogged from his Bach Seat about IT, careers, and anything else that catches his attention since 2005. You can follow him on LinkedInFacebook, and Twitter. Email the Bach Seat here.

Anthem Data Breach Hits BCBSM Users

Anthem Data Breach Hits BCBSM UsersThe recent cyber-attack on the second-largest health insurance company in the U.S., Anthem Insurance was allegedly pulled off by Chinese hackers. Now the attack, which I covered here has spread to Michigan. Emily Lawler at MLive is reporting that Michigan residents are caught up in the national healthcare insurance data breach.

The Anthem health insurance company compromised data includes an estimated 80 million people, of which 636,075 Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan users. According to the article, some of the compromised information could have come from BCBSM customers. A BCBSM spokesperson told MLive there was a “strong possibility” some BCBSM customer data had been caught up in the data breach.

BCBSM is an affiliate of the compromised company, so the Michigan firm shared critical customer information with Anthem. The affiliation allowed the attackers to gain access to Michigan BCBSM users. Ms. Lawler cites information from Anthem’s initial investigation, which found that compromised Michigan personally identifiable information (PII) that could have been compromised includes names, dates of birth, social security numbers, addresses, phone numbers, email addresses and employment information.

Data theftReassuringly (snark) BCBSM and Michigan’s Department of Insurance and Financial Services have been monitoring the data breach and its potential effect on Michiganders. BCBSM External Affairs Manager Stephanie Beres told MLive numbers from Anthem say 636,075 Michigan residents are impacted. That includes 410,990 Anthem members, and 225,745 customers of Blue Cross Blue Shield, Ms. Beres said.

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Anthem is sending letters to those impacted their oopsie who will offer two years of free credit monitoring and identity theft repair. According to Anthem’s website AllClear ID will provide credit monitoring services. Those who think they may be affected are encouraged to visit a website Anthem has set up to distribute information about the hack, www.anthemfacts.com.

Related articles
  • Connecticut bill requires insurers to encrypt personal data (newsday.com)

 

Ralph Bach has been in IT long enough to know better and has blogged from his Bach Seat about IT, careers, and anything else that catches his attention since 2005. You can follow him on LinkedInFacebook, and Twitter. Email the Bach Seat here.

Anthem Data Breach Allows Phish of US Cyber Forces

Anthem Data Breach Allows Phish of US Cyber Forces– Updated 10/25/2018 – Anthem, Inc. has agreed to pay a $16 million HIPAA fine to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Service, Office for Civil Rights. The OCR found that the data breach between December 2, 2014, and January 27, 2015, cyber-attackers stole the electronic protected health information of almost 79 million people. The stolen information in the data breach included names, social security numbers, medical identification numbers, addresses, dates of birth, email addresses, and employment information.

The $16 million settlement is the largest HIPAA settlement.

Anthem Breach Allows Phish of US Cyber ForcesMany online believe that the Anthem (ANTM) hack was a strategic cyber-war strike by China. Stu Sjouwerman at CyberheistNews writes that PII thefts would normally be a Russian operation. However, the Anthem data breach appears to be a Chinese attack. CNN reports that Chinese hackers tend to target trade, economic, and national security secrets that could help the Chinese economy. Mr. Sjouwerman says he received an insider tip that most of the three-letter U.S. Government agencies have their employees insured through Anthem’s Blue Cross Blue Shield. Anthem also provided health insurance defense contractors Northrop Grumman and Boeing.

Anthem Bluse Cross logoKnowbe4’s Sjouwerman speculates that the Chinese now own the identities of all the people fighting them. The stolen data can now be used in a multitude of social engineering scenarios. Dmitri Alperovitch, co-founder of security firm CrowdStrike told CNN that the attack fit the profile of a hacking group believed to be Chinese government spies called “Deep Panda.”

The objective of the “Deep Panda” data breach according to the CrowdStrike CTO is to amass a large collection of Americans’ personal information to find citizens willing to spy for the Chinese and find potential U.S. spies operating in China. Mr. Alperovitch told CNN that’s why Chinese hackers broke into U.S. federal employee network last year. They also broke at least three hospital chains and two insurance providers the public hasn’t yet heard about.

PhishingKnowbe4 speculates that many people in the Government have steam coming out of their ears about the Anthem hack. Cyberwar has suddenly become very personal to them. This may be why President Obama recently signed an executive order that will nudge private companies to share data about cybersecurity threats between each other and with the federal government.

Apart from the cost of the Anthem data breach are likely to smash $100 million barrier, it’s surprising that Anthem did not encrypt SSN’s which allowed wholesale identity theft of thousands of American cyber-warriors.

Deep Panda is amassimg a large collection of Americans' personal informationCEO Sjouwerman explains that hackers are going after healthcare records because they are much more valuable. He points out that healthcare records stay active for several months after a hack, as opposed to credit card numbers which quickly get nixed after a few days. Since Anthem is a healthcare company, you would expect them to take HIPAA compliance to the max and even top the required controls with higher standards. As we all know, compliance does not equal security, but it establishes a baseline at the very least.

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There is enough blame to go around.

Time to go back to a cash society and barter.

Say, Doc Johnson, I’ll trade you two chickens for measles vaccination.

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Ralph Bach has been in IT long enough to know better and has blogged from his Bach Seat about IT, careers, and anything else that catches his attention since 2005. You can follow him on LinkedInFacebook, and Twitter. Email the Bach Seat here.

Scary PII Numbers

Scary PII NumbersAs you may have heard by now, the second-largest health insurer Anthem gave away at least 80 million of their customers’ PII records to hackers. I say at least because these always grow as the experts dig through the wreckage. The WSJ reports the Indianapolis-based insured did not encrypt this data (I covered encryption here and here). That means customers’ social security numbers, phone numbers, and other PII were easy targets for Chinese hackers according to CNBC.

did not encrypt data

Anthem is just the latest. There are even larger targets out there. The Business Insider published some pretty scary numbers. BI reports that somehow the biggest tech companies have done a great job at convincing people that their services for sending/receiving payments and purchasing goods are trustworthy and worthwhile. The article estimates that Apple has somewhere around a billion iTunes accounts (with plenty of PII and credit cards) on file.

This chart from BI IntelligenceApple (AAPL) is nearing a billion iTunes accounts on file, and that number is likely to surge immensely. Customers in China can now link their UnionPay payment cards to their Apple IDs: For context, UnionPay is the largest card network in the world with more cards in circulation than Visa and MasterCard combined.

Amazon (AMZN) has approx. 300 million payment cards on file while PayPal has around 200 million payment cards on record.

Apple, Amazon, PayPal Payment Cards on File - Business Insider

A second BI article indicates that based on leaked Uber data charted analyzed by BI Intelligence, the ride-sharing firm has well over 12 million payment cards on file. Their closest competitor Hailo has 4.4 million payment cards on file.

Ride-Sharing Payment Cards on File - Business Insider

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You have been warned. The next mega data breach could come from a tech firm like Apple or Amazon.

Data theftThe WSJ article argues that companies can use many techniques to secure their data, but those things slow companies down, sometimes to a degree they find unacceptable.

I think most victims of identity theft or credit fraud find that unacceptable.

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Ralph Bach has been in IT long enough to know better and has blogged from his Bach Seat about IT, careers, and anything else that catches his attention since 2005. You can follow him on LinkedInFacebook, and Twitter. Email the Bach Seat here.